Feel free to “check out” as many books, videos or articles as you’d like. For now, these are listed alphabetically by topic.
Algonquin
The Thirteen Tribes of Long Island: The History of a Myth by John Strong (36 pages): strong-j.-1992-the-thirteen-tribes-of-long-island-the-history-of-a-myth-1.pdf
The 12 Tribes of Wisconsin–a video presentation by Brothertown Peacemaker, Dr
Renee Gralewicz: https://youtu.be/4ZGHZ2JnkPs
Deleware and English Spelling book: http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=hunt0104#page/7/mode/1up
John Eliot’s Indian Bible in the Massachuset language–an Algonquin based language. john eliot indian bible . Thanks to Will Ottery for sharing this pdf file he created from the book found at John Brown College.
A program produced by Brothertown Indian, Mark Baldwin in the 1980’s:
To view on YouTube:
Winds of Change: A Matter of Promises – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVQz2X92L2Y
Winds of Change: A Matter of Choice – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJMn4Ptk9_k
Or download here: Thanks to the University of Oregon and Gabriel Kastelle for sharing these files.
BROTHERTOWN
A Brief Historical Overview of the Brothertown Indian Nation written by Craig Cipolla and Caroline Andler: Cipolla and Andler Brief Brothertown History
A Brief Sketch of the Brothertown Indians: A letter written by Thomas Commuck in 1852 for the Wisconsin State Historical Society: thomas-commuck-writing
GENESIS OF THE BROTHERTOWN INDIANS: An article written by Caroline Andler which discusses the original putting together of Brothertown: Genesis of the Brothertown Indian
A video by WPTV featuring Mrs Joan Schadewald : http://video.wpt.org/video/2365904313/
A Brothertown Historical Brochure by Jack Campisi: Campisi 1991 – A Brief History
Copies of Caroline Andler’s Rootsweb pages:
the genealogy and history of the brothertown indians
black ink the genealogy and history of the brothertown indians
A Brothertown timeline by a Brothertown Citizen
BROTHERTOWN CULTURE
Thirty Years in the Itinerancy: By Reverend Miller. Chapters II and III discuss his visit to our Tribe in 1845. He was very impressed with Brothertown singing. thirtyyearsiniti00mill
Indian Melodies: A hymn book by Thomas Commuck with a preface and some commentary by him: https://musopen.org/sheetmusic/34336/thomas-commuck/indian-melodies/
BROTHERTOWN SINGING: A lengthy article by Caroline Andler covering Brothertown hymns, Indian melodies and singing plus a diary exerpt based on the Brothertown in WI in 1836: Brothertown singing
Article on Brothertown singing from researcher and shape note singer Gabriel Kastelle: brothertown and shape note for commuck program final export
Newsclip of the first annual BIN Powwow: http://www.fdlreporter.com/videos/news/2017/04/01/brothertown-indian-nation-1st-annual-pow-wow/99926504/
Article on Thomas Commuck and his “Indian Melodies” by James Page.
Article on Thomas Commuck event in Yale News -https://news.yale.edu/2018/05/22/centuries-old-indian-melodies-come-life-through-collaborative-project
Book by the Rev. E. Mathews, an abolitionist who visited Brothertown, WI: https://ia600201.us.archive.org/15/items/autobiographyofr00math/autobiographyofr00math.pdf. Brothertown begins on p 114.
The National Museum of the American Indian’s online collection contains a number of Brothertown cultural items: https://americanindian.si.edu/collections-search/search?edan_q=Brothertown
Brothertown Federal Recognition
Citizenship background: admin+journal+manager+v16-16_16th+algonquian+confernece+-1985-1
A superb article by Brotherton, Kathleen Brown-Perez on the history of Brothertown recognition: federal-policies-and-the-elusive-quest-for-federal-acknowledgment.pdf
Why Brothertown should have received federal recognition and yet doesn’t need it to tell us who we are (beginning on p56): http://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1704&context=etd_hon_theses
The BIA’s response to BIN’s petition: https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/as-ia/ofa/petition/067_brothe_WI/067_pf.pdf Includes a lot of wonderful details on our people and history.
Brothertown Migrations
WHITE RIVER INDIANA
The 1817 Thomas Dean journal documenting his trip with several of the Brotherton Indians to see about procuring land in Indiana: https://archive.org/details/journalofthomasd01dean/mode/2up
White River Indiana article written by Caroline Andler
Indian Affairs – Wobby Isaac – Abstract of Title – Yorktown Lot 19
AnatomyofThe1818TreatiesofStMarys-Olson122011
Detailed listing of items in Box 1 of the Dean family papers held by Indiana Historical Society: Dean Family Papers Contents by MF
KANSAS
The Brothertown Who Migrated to Indian Territory: an article by Caroline Andler
MINNESOTA
The Brothertown Indians in Minnesota: an article by Caroline Andler the-brothertown-indians-who-moved-to-whitesville-reynolds-township-todd-co.-mn.pdf
BROTHERTOWN NEW YORK
Annals and Recollections of Oneida County New York, published in 1851, is an under-utilized resource when it comes to Brothertown history. There are several Brothertown references throughout the book though the bulk of information can be found in the chapter on Marshall and in the last 3 pages of the last chapter entitled “Indians”:
https://ia802608.us.archive.org/15/items/annalsrecollecti00jone/annalsrecollecti00jone.pdf
Photo courtesy of Janet Dangler, Marshall Historical Society
Timothy Dwight’s, Travels in New-England And New York Volume III. Dwight traveled to Brothertown and noted his impressions—beginning at the bottom of p 180: travels
Brothertown Documents at Hamilton College in New York: bro-rec-vol01ChristianCopy_me
Brothertown Documents at Hamilton College in New York file 2: Christians Copy-spe-bro-vo2
Brothertown Documents at Hamilton College in New York file 3: Christians Copy-spe-bro-vo3
Brothertown Cemeteries in New York and Wisconsin: Craig Cipolla’s 2010 Dissertation
A 1796 report on the Oneida, Stockbridge and Brotherton Indians by Jeremy Belknap and Jedidiah Morse; reprint by Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, 1955: report on the oneida, stockbridge, and brotherton indians, 1796 (published 1955)
BROTHERTOWN Racial Identity
BROTHERTOWN RECORD BOOKS
Above: Mrs. Leura D. Fowler Kindness clutching her Brothertown record book. This is believed to be the same book subsequently owned by Corliss Welch covering the years 1788-1901. A copy of this book is found in the link below. Photo received from Caroline Andler June 2019.
“Records of the Brothertown Indians” Book covering the years 1788-1901”: Photostat Copy of Record book 1788-1901 (this is not a photocopy but a photostat which lets you know the content but does not show the beautiful handwriting
______________________________________________________________________________________
An article by Caroline Andler on the Peacemakers record book (1797-1843): Brothertown Court Book
A 3rd record book on the Brotherton was kept by the white supervisors in NY. The original now resides at Hamilton College. A copy is provided in the section above (“Brothertown Documents at Hamilton College”).
Calumet County, Wisconsin
A history of the communities in Calumet County, including Brothertown, put out by Calumet County Historical Society: https://calumetcountyhistoricalsociety.org/ProtectedArea/Short%20Little%20History%20of%20Chilton%20by%20Debbie%20Barany.pdf
A research portal hosted by Calumet County Historical (subscription required): https://www.calumetcountyhistoricalsociety.org/index_files/Page701.htm
Commuck, Thomas
Also see book by abolitionist, Rev. E Mathews (last entry under “Brothertown Culture”) for a number of Commuck quotes.
Commuck land decision January 1841 in Rhode Island; https://sosri.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0197cdd7-5c35-419f-a3b1-228d92705a85/
Dean, Thomas: Journal following his trip with Brothertown leaders to Indiana to purchase land. https://ia801406.us.archive.org/16/items/journalofthomasd00dean/journalofthomasd00dean_bw.pd
Note: The Indiana Historical Society in Indianapolis retains a wealth of letters, journals, etc pertaining to the Brotherton as well as Stockbridge and Oneida tribes. Wisconsin Historical Society retains at least 2 of Thomas Dean’s journals.
Johnson, Joseph:
An article written by Caroline Andler (Brothertown): https://brothertowncitizen.files.wordpress.com/2017/02/genesis-of-the-brothertown-indian.pdf
Copy of his letter to Moses Paul (significant: first publication by a Native American-1772): Letter MoheganTribe 1772 Joseph Johnson publication
NATIVE AMERICAN BOOKS COLLECTION: Amherst College is building and digitizing an amazing collection of rare books written by Native Americans. A must see for anyone interested in Native America. Some items that may be of particular interest to Brothertown researchers include 2 versions of Occom’s sermon preached at the execution of Moses Paul and a book on the Algonquin languages.
Joseph Johnson’s diary October, 1771-March, 1772: Scans of the original.
Joseph Johnson sermons held by Connecticut Historical Society:https://collections.ctdigitalarchive.org/islandora/object/40002%3A387#page/2/mode/2up
Brothertown Forward hosts Professor Glenda Goodman who has researched and written about early Native American hymnody which includes Joseph Johnson: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tVbNYmtmbzc
Narragansett
Williams, Roger. A tome which includes his famous A Key Into the Language of the Americas: https://archive.org/details/completewritings028406mbp
Rhode Island’s records on the Narragansett
Native American medicines
Folk Medicine of the Delaware & Related Algonkian Indians by Gladys Tantaquidgeon
https://archive.org/details/folkmedicineofde00tant_0
NEW ENGLAND & NEW YORK IN THE EARLY 1800’s
Travels in New England and New York:A literary survey by Timothy Dwight focusing not just on the physical features and towns in New England but also on the inhabitants and their demeanor. Brothertown is included. Caution: Contains some Native American prejudices: travelsinneweng00dwiggoog
OCCOM, Samson
Samson Occom; a book by Harold Blodgett: https://archive.org/details/samsonoccom0000blod/page/n241
Podcast by Mohegan elder, Beth Regan: https://gratingthenutmeg.libsyn.com/72-samson-occom-the-man-mohegan-elder-beth-regan
Great radio program on Occom with NPR’s Alex Nunes and Brothertown’s Kathleen Brown-Perez: https://thepublicsradio.org/episode/ep-4-the-betrayal-of-samson-occom
SAMSON OCCOM: A clipping from the Utica Morning Herald dated February 1894 regarding a talk given by William DeLoss Love. Contains a lot of accurate (and some inaccurate) information on Samson Occom: Occom
Samson Occom and the Christian Indians of New England by William DeLoss Love and published in 1899: Includes an index with all of the known Brothertown Indians. samsonoccomchris00love Additional formats of the same book can be found athttps://archive.org/details/samsonoccomchris00love
The Collected Writings of Samson Occom, Mohegan by Joanna Brooks is available to preview on Google: https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Collected_Writings_of_Samson_Occom_M.html?id=R9ELRhEdupMC&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q&f=false
Occom’s 1774 hymn book, A Choice Collection of Hymns and Spiritual Songs: Intended for the Edification of Sincere Christians, of All Denominations, (published as words only; no musical notation) contains many reprinted songs and a few of Occom’s own: http://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/N10659.0001.001?rgn=main;view=fulltext). A scan of an original book can be viewed at https://ctdigitalarchive.org/islandora/object/30002%3A720237167#page/2/mode/2up. Downloadable file from this link: o16749822
Occom’s 1st publication was A Sermon Preached at the Execution of Moses Paul in 1772. https://archive.org/details/sermonatexecutio01occo
Occom’s autobiography, A Short Narrative of My Life, is available to read at the Dartmouth site: https://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/Library_Bulletin/Nov1999/Hoefnagel_Close.html Occom originally wrote his autobiography in 1765. He wrote this 2nd draft in 1768.
Dartmouth College hosts the Occom Circle site which contains both scans and transcripts of a significant number of Samson Occom letters and journals: https://www.dartmouth.edu/~occom/
Other original Occom documents are available through the Connecticut Historical Society at http://connecticuthistoryillustrated.org/islandora/search/occom?type=dismax. Link update: https://ctdigitalarchive.org/
4 sermons recovered from Occom’s trip to England and not included in the Joanna Brooks book, The Collected Writings of Samson Occom, Mohegan: https://brothertowncitizen.wordpress.com/2017/06/13/recently-discovered-samson-occom-sermons/
“A Brief Narrative of the Indian Charity School in Lebanon in Connecticut, New England”briefnarrativeof00whit_bw This is an interesting collection of letters, endorsements, and accounts from the early to mid-1760’s which, seemingly, were to be used by Reverends Occom and Whitaker on their mission trip to England and Ireland. Some highlights are a detailed account of Occom’s 1761 meeting with the Oneida and the wampum belt received, Wheelock’s very clear statement of intent as to what he planned to do with the money raised by the Rev.’s overseas, and an appendix added in this second edition which provides updates from 1766-‘67.
Occom on YouTube
Joanna Brooks gave a Zoom video presentation to our citizens in 2017 which is available to watch on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxDDcpbiSYw&t=2s. Alternatively, if you go to YouTube and type in Brothertown Forward you can find this and several other Brothertown presentations.
Tim Eriksen sings a Samson Occom Christmas carol called O Sight of Anguish: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhO34_w1yW4
Brad Dubos, Rutgers graduate student, who is, in part, researching Samson Occom and the importance of place for the Brothertown Indians talks with Brothertown Forward: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SOeEt28rby0
CNAIR Symposium at Rutgers 2019 (Brad Dubos is the 2nd speaker in this episode – episode 2): https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4B7Ka5V5zxE&list=PLJl9Zsw3ptuJ9eCjyLr9XcUPufzyhxk9_&time_continue=727
*See also the section on Wheelock below
Oneida Nation
1774 response to Joseph Johnson’s plea: https://brothertowncitizen.wordpress.com/2019/01/25/1774-oneida-response-to-joseph-johnson/
PAUL, MOSES, Wampanoag
/https://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~rnelson/asail/sail2/243.htm
PEQUOTS
A Man Called Sampson by Will and Rudi Ottery. This book, written in the 1980s, is based on the ancestry and progeny of a Pequot named Sampson and includes information on many things including the Pequot War and the Brothertown Tribe. a-man-called-sampson-by-will-and-rudi-ottery
A link to the Joseph Fish journals in which he kept records of all his time on the Pequot Reservation(1700’s): http://findit.library.yale.edu/yipp/?utf8=✓&utf8=✓&search_field=title&q=fish%27s
An entry on William Apess, Pequot: William Apess
Ripley, Dorothy: Journal of a female preacher who visited the NY Indians in 1805: https://archive.org/details/bankfaithandwor00riplgoog/page/n13
Stockbridge Indians
Panoplist newsletter. The October 1818 issue includes a letter regarding the Stockbridge Indians worshipping (and singing hymns!) on their way to White River Indiana. Bottom of p 489 at this link: https://archive.org/details/panoplistandmis00armsgoog/page/n488
Reverend Cutting Marsh notes 1825-1848 (downloaded from the Library of Congress 5/28/2019):
Stockbridge_Mohicans_Past_and_Present_A Study of Cultural Survival by Lucianne Lavin, PhD
Tunxis:
appendix-4-native-americans-of-the-farmington-valley-background-report
Descendants of Andrew Curricomb by Caroline Andler: des. of andrew correcompt
ELEAZAR WHEELOCK/MOOR’S CHARITY SCHOOL/DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
David McClure Journal: McClure had attended Moors and knew the Brothertown founders personally as well as our parent tribes: diaryofdavidmccl00mclu
Memoirs of the Reverend Eleazar Wheelock: An early book on the life of Eleazar Wheelock whose story cannot be told without mention of Samson Occom, the Mohegan minister who made him famous and funded his Dartmouth College:
Memoirs_of_the_Rev_Eleazar_Wheelock_D_D
The Indian History of an American Institution by Colin Calloway:
Dartmouth College began life as an Indian school, a pretense that has since been abandoned. Still, the institution has a unique, if complicated, relationship with Native Americans and their history. Beginning with Samson Occom’s role as the first “development officer” of the college, Colin G. Calloway tells the entire, complex story of Dartmouth’s historical and ongoing relationship with Native Americans. Calloway recounts the struggles and achievements of Indian attendees and the history of Dartmouth alumni’s involvements with American Indian affairs. He also covers more recent developments, such as the mascot controversies, the emergence of an active Native American student organization, and the partial fulfillment of a promise deferred. This is a fascinating picture of an elite American institution and its troubled relationship— at times compassionate, at times conflicted—with Indians and Native American culture. (Taken from http://www.upne.com/1584658443.html. Note: This link also contains a podcast of an interview with the author.)
WISCONSIN
A History of Northern Wisconsin (including Brothertown and Calumet County). 1881: A History of Northern Wisconsin
Brothertown-related newspaper clippings: clipping_16951892
The Life of the Brothertown Indians 